Governor for incandescent lights on arc circuits



(No Model.) esmas-sheet 1.

C. D. BAKER.

GOVERNOR POR INCANDESGENT LIGHTS 0N ARG CIRCUITS. v110.371,915. Patented 001.2511887.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

O. D. BAKER.

GOVERNOR FOR INGANDBSGBNT LIGHTS 0N ARG GI'RUITSa No. 371.915. Patented 0011.25, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OHANOEY D. BAKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GOVERNOR FOR INCANDSCENT LIGHTS ON ARC CIRCUITS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,915, dated October 25. 5.887.

Application filed November l1, 1886. Serial No. 218,610. (No model.)

[o @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHAUNoEY D. BAKER, residing'at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, and a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Inlprovement in Governors lfor Incandescent Lights on Arc Circuits, of which the following is a full description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a tgp view. Fig. 3 is a detail showing the magnet or solenoid in section.4 Fig. 2 is enlarged as compared with Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is still more enlarged. Fig. 4 is a diagram view of the arc and incandescent light circuits and the governor devices included therein.

The leading object of my invention is to make a governor for incandescent lights on an arc circuit which will be more simple in construction than those now in use and at least equally effective in operation, which I accomplish by means of asingle compound solenoid, used in connection with a resistance-box and a commutator, all as illustrated in the drawings and ,hereinafter fully described.

Those things which I claim as my invention will be set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, A represents a resistanceboX, which may be of any known suitable construction, and. therefore its interior is not shown.

c b c d are binding-posts.'

B is a compound magnet or solenoid. It is made by iii-st winding a number of layers of coarse wire, e, upon the spool and then winding a number of layers of line wire,f, upon the outside of such coarse wire, as illustrated in Fig. 3. The layers of coarse wire and the layers of iine wire are wound in the same direction, but the connections are so made that the current through these two wires travels in opposite directions.

C is the armature.

g h are two disks.

i are rods or bars located between and at their ends secured to the disks g h.

j is a short cylinder placed centrally between and secured tothe two disks g 7l.

k is a roller pivoted Ibetween the two disks g h so that it rotates with very little friction. These disks are arranged to rotate upon a which may be made of wood or other suitable material.

mis a washer or shoulder upon the pin Z, betweenthe disk 7L and the block D.

m is a cord, one end of which is secured to the armature O. The cord passes over a groove in the disk g.

YV is a weight.

o is a roller or weight for the purpose of counterbalancing the weight of the roller lc. The disks g h and their connections i, in effect, form a pulley. A

E is a bracket secured to the block D.

F is a bar or rod one end of which is secured to the bracket E, and the other end is curved over between the disks g h, as shown in Fig. l.

p are a number of small wires, the free ends of which are bent over between the disks g h. These wires are not of uniform length, but the end of each successive wire projects alittle beyond the preceding one, as shown in Fig. 2.

'These wires p are secured to the bracket E and are then carried to one end of the resistance box. A.

G is one of the wires of an arc circuit, which wire is carried to the binding-post c.

G is a wire leading from the binding-post c to and around the magnet B, and thence to the binding-post b.

II is a wire leading from the binding-post b to the-resistanee-box A. I is the other wire of an are circuit, which goes to the bindingpost d.'

A J is a wire leading from the binding-post d to the bar or rod F.

K. is a wire connecting the binding-posts c and d.

L is a wire leading from the binding-post b to the incandescent lamps, and M is a wire leading from the incandescent lamps to the binding-post c. One end of the fine wiref, which is coiled upon the magnet, is connected with the binding-post b and the other end with the binding-post c.

The operation is as follows: Suppose all the incandescent lights between the two wires L and M to'be burning. The main portion of the current will then pass through G', around the magnet, thence to the binding post b,

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which passes through the wire G. The weight IV is to be of such size that it will, when all of the lamps are in operation, counterbalance the armature C and the force exerted upon it by the current which passes through G',

which force will be equal to the entire force of the current minus such quantity of force as will be neutralized by the current which passes through the coilf. New, if one of the lamps be cut out, that portion of the current 2O which had been used by such lamp will be divided between the remaining lamps and the fine wire around the magnet, the division beingjn proportion to the resistance of the remaining lamps and that of the iine wire f.

g5 The increased current through the fine wire will counteract a portion ofthe remaining effcct oi" the current through the coarse wire of the magnet, and then the action of the weight NV will partially rotate the pulley, lifting the armature G until the roller 7a comes in contact with the free end of the bar F and with the free end of the longest of the wires p, thereby completing a circuit from the binding post Z) through the wire II to the resistanccbox A,

thence through the box and the wire p with which the roller is in contact, thence through the roller L to the bar or rod F, thence through the wire .I to the binding-post d, thence through I to complete the circuit, and then that porao tion ofthe current which, when the lamp was cutout, was divided between the remaining lamps and the une wiref will pass-through the wire H, the resistance-box A, and the commutator to the post d and wire I. If, then,

one or more ofthe remaining lamps be cut out, the current will be again divided and distributed, as last above described, and the weight \V will again act upon the pulley, again lifting the armature and bringing the 5o roller 7c into contact with one or more of the wires p, as before described, and this operation will be continued from time to time, as often as one or more of the lamps are cut out.

It is evident that by providing the wires p,

which are of varying length and ce-operate with the roller 7.x, the rotation of the disk carrying the roller will complete the circuit through different portions of the coils in the resistance-box equivalent to the lamps thrown 6o out of action in the circuit L M.

By means of thenewire coil7 the resistancebox A, and the wires p a uniform difference of potential is maintained between the two posts b c, whether one or more or all of the 6 5 lamps be burning,

It is not necessary that the coarse wire be first wound upon the spool. The fine wire may be first wound upon the spool, and the coarse wire may then be wound outside of t-he fine-wire coil.

It is not essential that the commutator which I have shown and described be used, because the compound solenoid may be used in combination with a commutator of different construction with substantially the same results, a suitable resistance-box, of course, being interposed.

The governor will be equally effective if a portion ofthe lamps in the circuit are burning and others are afterward brought into con nection, in which case, when one or more ad'- ditional lamps are connected, the quantity of current passing through the wire f will be reduced, and then the action of the magnet on the armature will pull it down, and the roller k will be carried away from contact with one or more of the wires p until the difference of potential between the posts I1 c is restored to the adjusted point of the apparatus.

The compound solenoid operates as an electromotor, and its action, in connection with the weight XV, changes the position of the pulley and the roller 7a, which is a contact-piece, as the lamps are lighted or extinguished.

The two wires G I are in fact the two ends of a cut wire of an arc circuit. The bar F, the wires p, the roller or contact-piece 7u, and the devices for moving the contact-piece constitute a commutator 'for which I intend to maire a separate application for a patent.

Iam aware that it is notnew to arrangea group of incandescent lamps in series with electric-arc lamps upon the same circuit, and to combine with a device whereby the i'l'ow of current to the incandescent lamps maybe regulated a derived circuit to said lamps containing a solenoid-coil, by which the regulating devices may be operated, and a second solenoid-coil acting on the same devices and combined with means whereby its effects may be automatically varied, according to the set or adjustment effected by the operation of the derived-circuit coil. My invention differs essentially from the above, since I make use of a compound solenoid in which the main current flows constantly in opposite directions in order to obtain the neutralizing effect hereinbeforc referred to. I am well aware that a compound solenoid has heretofore been employed in counection with an elcctriclight system, but not in the manner and for the purpose proposed by meu Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a governor for incandescent lamps on an are circuit, a .singlel compound solenoid having layers of coarse and fine wire circuitn connections for causing the main current to flow constantly through said solenoid in oppo site directions in erder to partly neutralize said main current before it reaches the incan descent lamps and increasing said neutraliz- ICO IIC

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ing effect upon the main current as one incandescent larnp after another is thrown out of circuit, substantially as herein set forth.

2. A single compound solenoid having layers of coarse and line Wire arranged so that the current will travel through them in opposite directions, in combination with a resistance-box and a commutator, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

8. The combination,with a compound solenoid having layers of coarse and lire Wire arranged so that the current will pass through the same in opposite directions, of a variable resistance-box, a commutator, and a connection between the armature ofthe solenoid and the commutator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4.. The combination, with an are circuit, of an incandescent-lamp circuit, a shunt around the incandescent lamps, a single compound solenoid through which the main current is constantly passing in opposite directions, a variable resistance-box, and 'a commutator, substantially as herein set forth.

5. A single compound solenoid having layers of coarse and fine Wire arranged so that the current will travel through them in opposite directions, in combination with a resistanceboX and a commutator consisting of a bar, F, Wires p, a pulley carrying a metallic contactsurface arranged to be brought into contact with the bar F and wires p, and a weight con-- nected with the armature of the solenoid by a cord which runs over the pulley, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

CHAUNCEY D. BAKER. 

